A procedure for 360° diagnosis
of anorectal tract pathologies
What is Transanal Ultrasound?
Transanal Ultrasound, also known as Endoanal Ultrasound (EAUS), is an increasingly utilized medical imaging technique for evaluating anorectal tract pathologies. Due to its non-invasive nature and its ability to provide detailed and precise images without requiring demanding procedures, it stands out as a valuable tool for both doctors and patients in diagnosing numerous anorectal tract conditions. This safe and effective technique uses an ultrasound probe to offer a 360° view of the anatomical structures of the anus and rectum, delineated by muscular and ligamentous bands. It is important to distinguish Transanal Ultrasound from Transrectal Ultrasound, as the latter does not allow for a comprehensive view of the anatomical structures involved. Additionally, due to its shallower penetration, Transrectal Ultrasound can only visualize the area limited to the rectum and nearby areas.
How Transanal Ultrasound is performed
Transanal Ultrasound represents a second-level diagnostic phase, commonly requested by the proctologist following the preliminary visit to confirm or rule out specific diagnostic suspicions. The required preparation is minimal and consists simply of emptying the last part of the intestine of feces and gas through one or more cleansing enemas. During the examination, the patient is positioned comfortably, usually on their side, on the examination table. The doctor, using an appropriately covered and lubricated ultrasound probe, gently inserts it into the anorectal canal. This probe, characterized by small dimensions and an ergonomic design, is designed to maximize patient comfort throughout the entire procedure, which lasts about 10 minutes. Once correctly positioned, the probe begins to send sound waves into the patient’s body. These waves are reflected by internal tissues and captured by the probe, then transformed into detailed images by the ultrasound system. With an accurate interpretation of the ultrasound images, doctors can obtain a timely and precise diagnosis, thus enabling targeted and personalized treatment for each patient.
What are the advantages of Transanal Ultrasound?
Transanal Ultrasound offers numerous advantages, both for the doctor and the patient, compared to other diagnostic techniques in the context of anorectal tract pathologies:
- It is a non-invasive procedure that does not require sedation or special preparation.
- It is well-tolerated by patients and can be performed on an outpatient basis.
- It provides high-resolution images that allow for a precise evaluation of the anatomical structures involved, thus aiding doctors in diagnosis and treatment planning.
Clinical applications of Transanal Ultrasound
Transanal Ultrasound finds wide application in the evaluation of various conditions of the anorectal tract, including numerous benign anorectal diseases:
- Hemorrhoidal disease
- Anal fistulas
- Anal fissures
- Anal abscesses
- Fecal incontinence
- Obstructed defecation syndrome
- Crohn’s disease.
Additionally, it is used to accurately identify and locate anal neoplasms and can be used to monitor the response to treatment and assess any post-operative complications, such as in cases of obstetric injuries.
The contents of this page are for informational purposes only and should in no way replace the advice, diagnosis, or treatment prescribed by your physician. Responses to the same treatment may vary from patient to patient. Always consult your doctor regarding any information related to diagnoses and treatments, and meticulously follow their instructions.
